As the third leading cause of death in the United States in 2014, chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) presents a significant challenge to the health care provider. 1 …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD is one of the conditions that physicians
frequently see in both the hospital and outpatient setting. In order to improve diagnostic and …

Current American Thoracic Society (ATS) standards promote the use of race and ethnicity-
specific reference equations for pulmonary function test (PFT) interpretation. There is rising …

This Executive Summary of the Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and
Prevention of COPD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2017 …

Background The genetic risk factors for susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD) are still largely unknown. Additional genetic variants are likely to be …

Lung cancer (LC) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are among the
leading causes of mortality worldwide. Cigarette smoking is among the main aetiologic …

Background Obesity is prevalent in the United States; however, the impact of obesity on
COPD morbidity is unclear. We hypothesized that obesity is associated with worse outcomes …

Background The COPD Assessment Test (CAT) was developed as a simple instrument to
assess health status in patients with COPD. This study aimed to systematically review the …

BACKGROUND: In multidimensional Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
(GOLD) classification, the choice of the symptom assessment instrument (modified Medical …

The 2011 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) classifies patients
with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) into four groups (A to D). We explored …