The importance of the kynurenine pathway in normal immune system function has led to an
appreciation of its possible contribution to autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid …

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcriptional factor that regulates multiple
functions following its activation by a variety of ligands, including xenobiotics, natural …

Nearly a quarter of the total number of deaths in the world are caused by unhealthy living or
working environments. Therefore, we consider it significant to introduce the effect of a widely …

In our previous study, we explored the therapeutic effect of berberine (BBR) against IL-21/IL-
21R mediated inflammatory proliferation of adjuvant-induced arthritic fibroblast-like …

Sinomenine, an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from the roots and stems of Sinomenium
acutum, has been extensively studied for its derivatives as bioactive agents. This review …

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by a host's immune response
to infection. Acute lung injury (ALI) is one of the most common complications of sepsis with …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the most common autoimmune disease, is characterized by
symmetrical synovial inflammation of multiple joints with the infiltration of pro-inflammatory …

Autoimmune diseases (ADs), with significant effects on morbidity and mortality, are a broad
spectrum of disorders featured by body's immune responses being directed against its own …

Background A combination of conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs
improves the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis but with high side-effects. Methotrexate (MTX) …

Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that may be associated
with gut microbiota via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Human umbilical mesenchymal …