All cellular membranes have the functionality of generating and maintaining the gradients of
electrical and electrochemical potentials. Such potentials were generally thought to be an …

Microbes from the three domains of life, Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya, share the need to
sense and respond to changes in the external and internal concentrations of protons. When …

The bacterial flagellar motor (BFM) is a rotary molecular motor embedded in the cell
membrane of numerous bacteria. It turns a flagellum which acts as a propeller, enabling …

Biology has evolved a variety of agents capable of permeabilizing and disrupting lipid
membranes, from amyloid aggregates, to antimicrobial peptides, to venom compounds …

As an important free energy source, the membrane voltage (Vm) regulates many essential
physiological processes in bacteria. However, in comparison with eukaryotic cells …

Reduced genome bacteria are genetically simplified systems that facilitate biological study
and industrial use. The free-living alphaproteobacterium Zymomonas mobilis has a naturally …

Membrane potential in bacterial systems has been shown to be dynamic and tightly related
to survivability at the single-cell level. However, little is known about spatiotemporal patterns …

Various toxic compounds disrupt bacterial physiology. While bacteria harbor defense
mechanisms to mitigate the toxicity, these mechanisms are often coupled to the …

State‐of‐the‐art bottom‐up synthetic biology allows to replicate many basic biological
functions in artificial‐cell‐like devices. To mimic more complex behaviors, however, artificial …

Transmembrane potential is one of the main bioenergetic parameters of bacterial cells, and
is directly involved in energizing key cellular processes such as transport, ATP synthesis …