The long history of life on Earth has unfolded as a cause-and-effect relationship with the
evolving amount of oxygen (O2) in the oceans and atmosphere. Oxygen deficiency …

Few topics in geobiology have been as extensively debated as the role of Earth's
oxygenation in controlling when and why animals emerged and diversified. All currently …

Mountain belts modulate denudation flux and hydrologic processes and are thus
fundamental to nutrient cycling on Earth's surface. We used europium anomalies in detrital …

A geologically rapid Neoproterozoic oxygenation event is commonly linked to the
appearance of marine animal groups in the fossil record. However, there is still debate about …

The largest negative inorganic carbon isotope excursion in Earth's history, namely the
Ediacaran Shuram Excursion (SE), closely followed by early animal radiation, has been …

The rate of primary productivity is a keystone variable in driving biogeochemical cycles
today and has been throughout Earth's past. 1 For example, it plays a critical role in …

Resolving how Earth surface redox conditions evolved through the Proterozoic Eon is
fundamental to understanding how biogeochemical cycles have changed through time. The …

Abstract The Proterozoic Eon spans Earth's middle age during which many important
transitions occurred. These transitions include the oxygenation of the atmosphere …

The extent to which Paleozoic oceans differed from Neoproterozoic oceans and the causal
relationship between biological evolution and changing environmental conditions are …

Molecular oxygen (O 2) paired with a reducing gas is regarded as a promising biosignature
pair for the atmospheric characterization of terrestrial exoplanets. In circumstances when O 2 …