Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element with unique functions in the body; it acts as a
cofactor for many enzymes involved in energy metabolism, the endogenous antioxidant …

Manganese (Mn) is an essential micronutrient required for the normal development of many
organs, including the brain. Although its roles as a cofactor in several enzymes and in …

Olfactory dysfunction is among the earliest nonmotor features of Parkinson disease (PD).
Such dysfunction is present in approximately 90% of early-stage PD cases and can precede …

Exposure to ambient air pollution is a serious and common public health concern associated
with growing morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the last decades, the adverse effects of air …

Background Blau theorized that migraine triggers are exposures that in higher amounts
would damage the brain. The recent discovery that the TRPA1 ion channel transduces …

The present review synthesizes lines of emerging evidence showing how several samples
of children populations living in large cities around the world suffer to some degree neural …

Air pollution (indoors and outdoors) is a major issue in public health as epidemiological
studies have highlighted its numerous detrimental health consequences (notably …

Pollutant agents are exponentially increasing in modern society since industrialization
processes and technology are being developed worldwide. Impact of pollution on public …

Research links air pollution mostly to respiratory and cardiovascular disease. The effects of
air pollution on the central nervous system (CNS) are not broadly recognized. Urban outdoor …

Exposure to severe air pollution produces neuroinflammation and structural brain alterations
in children. We tested whether patterns of brain growth, cognitive deficits and white matter …