The momentous discovery of phagocytic activity in teleost B cells has caused a dramatic
paradigm shift from the belief that phagocytosis is performed mainly by professional …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) represent a conserved group of germline-encoded pattern
recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern-recognition receptors that detect a wide variety of
microbial pathogens for the initiation of host defense immunological responses. Thirteen …

A 12‐week growth trial was conducted to assess the effects of mealworm meals, as a
substitution for fishmeal, on the growth, physiobiochemical responses, digesta microbiome …

Functional diets are often given to fish during key stages to improve health through the
interaction of the feed components with the host intestine. The additional factors added in …

Skin is the first line of defence against waterborne pathogens, such as Moritella viscosa,
which is the causative agent of winter ulcer disease in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). The …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) sit at the top of the immune system pyramid. They form a
paramount family of immune sentinels capable of sensing diverse microbe-associated …

Imaging flow cytometry (IFC) is a powerful tool which combines flow cytometry with digital
microscopy to generate quantitative high-throughput imaging data. Despite various …

The pattern recognition receptor (PRR), which drives innate immunity, shields the host
against invasive pathogens. Fish and other aquatic species with poorly developed adaptive …

Viral diseases represent one of the major threats for salmonid aquaculture. Survival from
viral infections are highly dependent on host innate antiviral immune defense, where …