Without a protective atmosphere, space-exposed surfaces of airless Solar System bodies
gradually experience an alteration in composition, structure and optical properties through a …

Little is known about the origin of the spectral diversity of asteroids and what it says about
conditions in the protoplanetary disk. Here, we show that samples returned from Cb-type …

Chondritic meteorites (chondrites) contain evidence for the interaction of liquid water with
the interiors of small bodies early in Solar System history. Here we review the processes …

The pristine sample from the near-Earth carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu collected
by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft enabled us to analyze the pristine extraterrestrial material …

Preliminary analyses of asteroid Ryugu samples show kinship to aqueously altered CI
(Ivuna-type) chondrites, suggesting similar origins. We report identification of C-rich …

Studies of material returned from Cb asteroid Ryugu have revealed considerable
mineralogical and chemical heterogeneity, stemming primarily from brecciation and …

Abstract On September 24, 2023, NASA's OSIRIS‐REx mission dropped a capsule to Earth
containing~ 120 g of pristine carbonaceous regolith from Bennu. We describe the delivery …

Simple Summary Organic matter is an integral part of all living things on our planet, but
abiotic (not relating to life) organic matter can be found throughout the Solar System within …

Chondrule-like objects and Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) are discovered in the retuned
samples from asteroid Ryugu. Here we report results of oxygen isotope, mineralogical, and …

The Hayabusa2 spacecraft explored asteroid Ryugu and brought its surface materials to
Earth. Ryugu samples resemble Ivuna-type (CI) chondrites—the most chemically primitive …