To what extent is the convergent evolution of protein function attributable to convergent or
parallel changes at the amino acid level? The mutations that contribute to adaptive protein …

Population genomic analyses of high-altitude humans and other vertebrates have identified
numerous candidate genes for hypoxia adaptation, and the physiological pathways …

Understanding how and why populations evolve is of fundamental importance to molecular
ecology. Restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing (RAD seq), a popular reduced …

To investigate the predictability of genetic adaptation, we examined the molecular basis of
convergence in hemoglobin function in comparisons involving 56 avian taxa that have …

To cope with the reduced availability of O2 at high altitude, air-breathing vertebrates have
evolved myriad adjustments in the cardiorespiratory system to match tissue O2 delivery with …

The principal effect controlling the oxygen affinity of vertebrate haemoglobins (Hbs) is the
allosteric switch between R and T forms with relatively high and low oxygen affinity …

In air-breathing vertebrates at high altitude, fine-tuned adjustments in hemoglobin (Hb)–O2
affinity provide an energetically efficient means of mitigating the effects of arterial …

In mammals and other air-breathing vertebrates that live at high altitude, adjustments in
convective O 2 transport via changes in blood hemoglobin (Hb) content and/or Hb-O 2 …

Root nodule symbiosis (RNS) is a complex trait that enables plants to access atmospheric
nitrogen converted into usable forms through a mutualistic relationship with soil bacteria …

Evolutionary adaptation often occurs by the fixation of beneficial mutations. This mode of
adaptation can be characterized quantitatively by a spectrum of adaptive substitutions, ie, a …