Pediatric autoimmune liver disorders include autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), autoimmune
sclerosing cholangitis (ASC), and de novo AIH after liver transplantation. AIH is an idiopathic …

B lymphocytes are multitasking cells that direct the immune response by producing pro-or
anti-inflammatory cytokines, by presenting processed antigen for T cell activation and co …

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is induced by steatosis and metabolic inflammation.
While involvement of the innate immune response has been shown, the role of the adaptive …

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that usually
requires life-long immunosuppression. Frequent relapses after discontinuation of therapy …

Autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs) are potentially life-threatening chronic liver diseases
which include autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing …

Background and aims Autophagy is a critical process in cell survival and the maintenance of
homeostasis. However, the implementation of therapeutic approaches based on autophagy …

Background: Checkpoint inhibitors act on exhausted CD8+ T cells and restore their effector
function in chronic infections and cancer. The underlying mechanisms of action appear to …

Background: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that
usually requires lifelong immunosuppression. Frequent recurrences after the discontinuation …

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is detected at a late stage in the course of the disease.
Therefore, induction and etiology are largely unclear. It is controversial if the induction of …

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory liver disease. It is
known that AIH originates not from the spleen but from the liver itself. Nonetheless, most …