The applications of hydrogels have expanded significantly due to their versatile, highly
tunable properties and breakthroughs in biomaterial technologies. In this review, we cover …

Most of traditional Chinese medicine substances come from herbal plants. The medicinal
quality of herbal plants varies with the locations of cultivation, the parts of the herb collected …

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a class of biomolecules expressed virtually on all
mammalian cells and usually covalently attached to proteins, forming proteoglycans. They …

Glycomics is a broad and emerging scientific discipline focused on defining the structures
and functional roles of glycans in biological systems. The staggering complexity of the …

Flaviviruses enter host cells by endocytosis initiated when the virus particles interact with
cell surface receptors. The current model suggests that flaviviruses use at least two different …

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) as one major part of the glycocalyx are involved in many
essential biological cell processes, as well as in many courses of diseases. Because of the …

Proteoglycans (PGs) represent a large proportion of the components that constitute the
extracellular matrix (ECM). They are a diverse group of glycoproteins characterized by a …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family members, which include TGF-βs, activins and
bone morphogenetic proteins, are pleiotropic cytokines that elicit cell type-specific effects in …

Listeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen that promotes its internalization into host
epithelial cells. Interaction between the bacterial surface molecules InlA and InlB and their …

Controlled, localized drug delivery is a long-standing goal of medical research, realization of
which could reduce the harmful side-effects of drugs and allow more effective treatment of …