Buildings consume a significant amount of energy throughout their lifecycle; Thus,
sustainable energy management is crucial for all buildings, and controlling energy …

Reversible thermochromic polymers have emerged as compelling candidates in recent
years, captivating attention for their application in heat detection systems. This …

Urban form significantly influences building energy consumption. However, most research
has primarily focused on quantifying the relationship between the two factors, with limited …

The global interest in nearly zero-energy buildings (NZEBs) has led to their establishment as
mandatory building objectives in Europe for all new constructions starting in 2021. The …

Thermotropic (TT) glazing is able to achieve energy-saving capabilities similar to external
shading devices by dynamically regulating solar heat gain transmitted through windows in …

The building stock is responsible for a large share of global energy consumption and
greenhouse gas emissions, therefore, it is critical to promote building retrofit to achieve the …

Surrogate models can overcome the building performance simulation complexity and
replace time-consuming simulation engines within multi-objective optimization studies …

With the rapid development of underground spaces and manned cabins, the design of
enclose-space has received attention. Humans working in enclosed-space for a long period …

Thermochromic (TC) windows have attracted extensive attention due to their potential for
improving building performance through the variation of optical properties in response to …

Energy consumption within buildings, predominantly driven by non-renewable sources,
remains a substantial contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. This is primarily attributed to …