The existence and evolution of a Messinian salt giant in the Mediterranean Sea has caused
much debate in the marine science community. Especially the suggestion that the …

The late Miocene evolution of the Mediterranean Basin is characterized by major changes in
connectivity, climate and tectonic activity resulting in unprecedented environmental and …

Forty years after the image of the Mediterranean transformed into a giant salty lake was first
conceived, the fascinating history of the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) still arouses great …

Marine gateways play a critical role in the exchange of water, heat, salt and nutrients
between oceans and seas. As a result, changes in gateway geometry can significantly alter …

An outline of the geology of the Italian Northern Apennines, to accompany a geological map
at 1: 250,000 scale covering the Emilia-Romagna, Marche, Tuscany and Umbria regions, is …

For the first time a palaeobiogeographic framework is proposed for European Neogene
freshwater systems. The distribution of 2226 species-group taxa of freshwater gastropods …

The Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) in the Mediterranean resulted from a complex interplay
between tectonic gateway closure and climate evolution. The climate factor, in turn, can be …

Abstract The late Miocene Messinian salinity crisis (MSC; 5.97–5.33 Ma) transformed the
Mediterranean basin into the youngest salt giant in Earth history. The paleoenvironment and …

We use simple quantitative analyses to evaluate controversial water level scenarios for the
Mediterranean “Lower Evaporites” of the Messinian salinity crisis. Our results indicate that a …

About six million years ago, the Mediterranean Sea underwent a period of isolation from the
ocean and widespread salt deposition known as the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) …