Seasonal influenza represents a huge health burden, resulting in significant mortality and
morbidity. Following the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, focus has been directed on the burden of …

Influenza is a highly known contagious viral infection that has been responsible for the death
of many people in history with pandemics. These pandemics have been occurring every 10 …

Two main mechanisms contribute to the continuous evolution of influenza viruses:
accumulation of mutations in the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes (antigenic drift) …

Influenza virus is a common virus in people's daily lives, and it has certain infectivity in
humans and animals. Influenza viruses have the characteristics of a high mutation rate and …

A Generalized Linear Model (GLM) with a Gaussian distribution was used to study the
association between environment and social conditions and H1N1 mutation. It was found …

Influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus emerged in North America in 2009 and has been
established as a seasonal strain in humans. After an antigenic stasis of about six years, new …

ABSTRACT Influenza A virus (H1N1) is an acute, highly contagious respiratory virus. The
use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to deliver mucosal vaccines against influenza virus infection …

Abstract Influenza A viruses (H1N1) have been consistently one of the most evolving viruses
that escape from vaccine-induced immunity. Although there has been a rapid rise in human …

Introduction: As the pathogen that caused the first influenza virus pandemic in this century,
the swine-origin A (H1N1) pdm09 influenza virus has caused continuous harm to human …

Influenza viruses know no boundaries, representing an example of rapid virus evolution
combined with pressure exerted by the host's immune system. Seasonal influenza causes 4 …