Biological materials found in Nature such as nacre and bone are well recognized as light‐
weight, strong, and tough structural materials. The remarkable toughness and damage …

Mineral-based bulk structural materials (MBSMs) are known for their long history and
extensive range of usage. The inherent brittleness of minerals poses a major problem to the …

The natural design and coupling of biological structures are the root of realizing the high
strength, toughness, and unique functional properties of biomaterials. Advanced architecture …

A fibrous herringbone-modified helicoidal architecture is identified within the exocuticle of an
impact-resistant crustacean appendage. This previously unreported composite …

Abstract The Scaly-foot Snail, Chrysomallon squamiferum, presents a combination of
biomineralised features, reminiscent of enigmatic early fossil taxa with complex shells and …

Nature is a substantial repository for various kinds of aquatic, terrestrial, and wind‐borne
plants and animals adapting extensively to sustain life on earth's different environmental …

Schwartzites are 3D porous solids with periodic minimal surfaces having negative Gaussian
curvatures and can possess unusual mechanical and electronic properties. The mechanical …

Various organisms possess a genetic program that enables the controlled formation of a
mineral, a process termed biomineralization. The variety of biological material architectures …

Biological material systems have evolved unique combinations of mechanical properties to
fulfill their specific function through a series of ingenious designs. Seeking lessons from …

Conspectus Over hundreds of millions of years, organisms have derived specific sets of
traits in response to common selection pressures that serve as guideposts for optimal …