The~ 400 million specimens deposited across~ 3000 herbaria are essential for:(i)
understanding where plants have lived in the past,(ii) forecasting where they may live in the …

BACKGROUND Climate change impacts have now been documented across every
ecosystem on Earth, despite an average warming of only~ 1° C so far. Here, we describe the …

Butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) are one of the most studied, diverse, and widespread
animal groups, making them an ideal model for climate change research. They are a …

Citizen science has a long history in the ecological sciences and has made substantial
contributions to science, education, and society. Developments in information technology …

Species across a wide range of taxa and habitats are shifting phenological events in
response to climate change. While advances are common, shifts vary in magnitude and …

Accurate predictions of spring plant phenology with climate change are critical for
projections of growing seasons, plant communities and a number of ecosystem services …

Aim Woody plants were not widely considered to be important invasive alien species until
fairly recently. Thousands of species of trees and shrubs have, however, been moved …

Members of the public have for centuries recorded their observations of the natural world,
including plant and animal distribution and phenology, water quality, weather data, and …

Evolutionary adaptation can be rapid and potentially help species counter stressful
conditions or realize ecological opportunities arising from climate change. The challenges …

Long‐term ecological studies are critical for providing key insights in ecology, environmental
change, natural resource management and biodiversity conservation. In this paper, we …