For decades, demands associated with the predictable life-history cycle have been
considered stressful and have not been distinguished from stress that occurs in association …

Many migratory birds accumulate large amounts of lipids as the prime energy source for
their long-distance flights. This fat accumulation is mostly under endogenous control …

SYNOPSIS. Superimposed upon seasonal changes in morphology, physiology and
behavior, are facultative responses to unpredictable events known as labile (ie, short-lived) …

Recent abundant studies report that in rodents starvation induces increased neuropeptide Y
(NPY) mRNA expression and peptide secretion in the hypothalamus which reduces …

The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the possible role of neuropeptide Y (NPY)
in the feeding regulation in fish. We examined the effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) or …

As the incidence of obesity continues to increase, adequate animal models acquire
increased importance for the investigation of energy homeostatic mechanisms …

Migration is a key life cycle stage in nearly 2000 species of birds and is a greatly
appreciated phenomenon in both cultural and academic arenas. Despite a long research …

The NPY system has a multitude of effects and is particularly well known for its role in
appetite regulation. We have found that the five presently known receptors in mammals …

Climate warming is affecting the Arctic in multiple ways, including via increased dominance
of deciduous shrubs. Although many studies have focused on how this vegetation shift is …

The mammalian leptin receptor (LEPR)(formerly OB-R) mediates the weight regulatory
effects of the circulating hormone leptin. The extreme obese phenotype of recessive …