Natural bacterial transformation involves the internalization and chromosomal integration of
DNA and has now been documented in∼ 80 species. Recent advances have established …

▪ Abstract Quorum sensing is the regulation of gene expression in response to fluctuations in
cell-population density. Quorum sensing bacteria produce and release chemical signal …

AAA+ family proteolytic machines (ClpXP, ClpAP, ClpCP, HslUV, Lon, FtsH, PAN/20S, and
the 26S proteasome) perform protein quality control and are used in regulatory circuits in all …

Bacteria communicate with one another using chemical signaling molecules as words.
Specifically, they release, detect, and respond to the accumulation of these molecules …

Because the majority of bacterial species divide by binary fission, and do not have
distinguishable somatic and germline cells, they could be considered to be immortal …

Bacterial transformation, a programmed mechanism for genetic exchange originally
discovered in Streptococcus pneumoniae, is widespread in bacteria. It is based on the …

Natural competence is a process by which bacteria construct a membrane-associated
machine for the uptake and integration of exogenous DNA. Many bacteria harbor genes for …

Abstract Machines of protein destruction—including energy-dependent proteases and
disassembly chaperones of the AAA+ ATPase family—function in all kingdoms of life to …

Bacteria have developed a wide arsenal of survival strategies to cope with the specific
problems posed by their environment. These processes are carefully regulated and complex …

▪ Abstract Proteolysis by cytoplasmic, energy-dependent proteases plays a critical role in
many regulatory circuits, kee** basal levels of regulatory proteins low and rapidly …