Neurodegenerative diseases affect millions of people worldwide. Neurodegenerative
diseases result from progressive damage to nerve cells in the brain or peripheral nervous …

Cognitive flexibility, the ability to adjust behavior in response to new and unexpected
conditions in the environment, is essential for adaptation to new challenges and survival …

The mammalian brain relies on neurochemistry to fulfill its functions. Yet, the complexity of
the brain metabolome and its changes during diseases or aging remain poorly understood …

An important step for cholinergic transmission involves the vesicular storage of acetylcholine
(ACh), a process mediated by the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT). In order to …

Acetylcholine, the first chemical to be identified as a neurotransmitter, is packed in synaptic
vesicles by the activity of VAChT (vesicular acetylcholine transporter). A decrease in VAChT …

The parasympathetic neurotransmitter acetylcholine is also synthesised and secreted by
non-neuronal cells and modifies their behaviour. This is termed the “non-neuronal …

The brain regulates physiological functions integral to survival. However, the insight into
brain neuronal regulation of peripheral immune function and the neuromediator systems …

Heart activity and long-term function are regulated by the sympathetic and parasympathetic
branches of the nervous system. Parasympathetic neurons have received increased …

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a set of progressive, chronic, and incurable
diseases characterized by the gradual loss of neurons, culminating in the decline of …

Sepsis is a systemic inflammation caused by a maladjusted host response to infection. In
severe cases, it can cause multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and even …