The Arctic is warming more rapidly than other region on the planet, and the northern Barents
Sea, including the Svalbard Archipelago, is experiencing the fastest temperature increases …

Marine macrophytes are the foundation of algal forests and seagrass meadows–some of the
most productive and diverse coastal marine ecosystems on the planet. These ecosystems …

Recent data indicate accumulation areas of marine litter in Arctic waters and significant
increases over time. Beaches on remote Arctic islands may be sinks for marine litter and …

Freshwater discharge from glaciers is increasing across the Arctic in response to
anthropogenic climate change, which raises questions about the potential downstream …

The Arctic climate is changing rapidly. The warming and resultant longer open water periods
suggest a potential for expansion of marine vegetation along the vast Arctic coastline. We …

Kongsfjorden is a glacial fjord in the Arctic (Svalbard) that is influenced by both Atlantic and
Arctic water masses and harbours a mixture of boreal and Arctic flora and fauna. Inputs from …

Kongsfjorden and the West Spitsbergen Shelf is a region whose seasonal hydrography is
dominated by the balance of Atlantic Water, Arctic waters, and glacial melt. Regional …

Approximately 60% of Svalbard's land areas are glaciated at the present time. The
Archipelago has more than 1100 glaciers (> 1 km 2) and 163 of these are “tidewater …

Temperature is one of the most important factors controlling the biogeographic distribution of
seaweeds and is expected to increase due to the rise in anthropogenic greenhouse gas …

Exchanges between oceanic and coastal waters are fundamental in setting the hydrography
of arctic shelves and fjords. In West Spitsbergen, Atlantic Water from the West Spitsbergen …