Humans possess an extraordinary ability to create and utilize tools. With the advent of
foundation models, artificial intelligence systems have the potential to be equally adept in …

Explaining how animals respond to an increasingly urbanised world is a major challenge for
evolutionary biologists. Urban environments often present animals with novel problems that …

The evolutionary origin of innovativeness remains puzzling because innovating means
responding to novel or unusual problems and hence is unlikely to be selected by itself. A …

Using the comparative approach, researchers draw inferences about the evolution of
cognition. Psychologists have postulated several hypotheses to explain why certain species …

The ability to exert self-control varies within and across taxa. Some species can exert self-
control for several seconds whereas others, such as large-brained vertebrates, can tolerate …

The last several decades of research on avian cognition have revealed surprising parallels
between the abilities of birds—most notably corvids—and great apes. Parrots, albeit far less …

Cognitive ecology integrates cognition, ecology, and neurobiology in one topic and has
recently broadened into an exciting diversity of themes covering the entire range of cognition …

Tool-use research has focused primarily on land-based animals, with less consideration
given to aquatic animals and the environmental challenges and conditions they face. Here …

The study suggests a new definition of technology with a systemic-purposeful perspective:
Technology here is a complex system of artifact, made and/or used by living systems, that is …

Habitual reliance on tool use is a marked behavioural difference between wild robust (genus
Sapajus) and gracile (genus Cebus) capuchin monkeys. Despite being well studied and …