Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are complex entities with heterogenous pathophysiologic
mechanisms and increased oxidative stress has been viewed as one of the potential …

Besides the physiological regulation of water, sodium, and potassium homeostasis,
aldosterone modulates several physiological and pathological processes in the …

Tobacco smoking continues to be a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and
the leading avoidable cause of death worldwide. Tobacco smoking has declined in high …

The European Society of Vascular Medicine (ESVM) was founded in Paris in 2012 as a
confederation of already existing and emerging European societies of vascular medicine. At …

Endothelial cells (ECs) are more than inert blood vessel lining material. Instead, they are
active players in the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) both in health and (life …

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease caused by disorders of insulin secretion and
utilization. Long-term hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and disorders of glucose and lipid …

Senescent cell accumulation has been observed in age-associated diseases including
cardiovascular diseases. Senescent cells lack proliferative capacity and secrete senescence …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, with this trend predicted to
continue for the foreseeable future. Common disorders are associated with the stenosis or …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, are released by different
cell types and participate in physiological and pathophysiological processes. EVs mediate …

Cardiovascular diseases are major contributors to global deaths and disability‐adjusted life
years, with hypertension a significant risk factor for all causes of death. The endothelium that …