The neurotransmitter dopamine is a key factor in central nervous system (CNS) function,
regulating many processes including reward, movement, and cognition. Dopamine also …

Melanin pigment plays a critical role in the protection against the harmful effects of ultraviolet
radiation and other environmental stressors. It is produced by the enzymatic transformation …

During oncogenesis, cancer not only escapes the body's regulatory mechanisms, but also
gains the ability to affect local and systemic homeostasis. Specifically, tumors produce …

Inflammasomes are involved in diverse inflammatory diseases, so the activation of
inflammasomes needs to be tightly controlled to prevent excessive inflammation. However …

Sepsis and sepsis-associated multi-organ failure are major challenges for scientists and
clinicians and are a tremendous burden for health-care systems. Despite extensive basic …

Immune cells rely on cell-cell communication to specify and fine-tune their responses. They
express an extensive network of cell communication modes, including a vast repertoire of …

Dopamine is well recognized as a neurotransmitter in the brain, and regulates critical
functions in a variety of peripheral systems. Growing research has also shown that …

GABA, the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the adult brain, has a parallel inhibitory
role in the immune system. We demonstrate that immune cells synthesize GABA and have …

It has been recognized that during chronic inflammatory systemic diseases (CIDs)
maladaptations of the immune, nervous, endocrine and reproductive system occur …

Chronic inflammatory diseases are debilitating, affect patients' quality of life, and are a
significant financial burden on health care. Inflammation is regulated by pro-inflammatory …