Microfouling is evolving at a fast rate causing augmented mortality rates and damage
worldwide. Until now, several remedial measures have been exploited to overcome …

The present review covers the heat transfer literature published in 2004 in English
language, including some translations of foreign language papers. Though extensive, some …

Heat exchanger plays a crucial role in the functioning of chemical industries, diary and food
processing industries, and thermal plants. The enhancements in heat exchangers are …

Marine biofilms are the preliminary entities due to attachment of bacteria on surfaces
immersed in seawater and aggregated in a hydrated polymeric matrix. Such biofilms or …

Direct surface water cooling systems utilize lake or seawater to provide cooling for buildings
or district cooling systems, without using a heat pump to lower the temperature further …

This paper presents a method for the detection of fouling in a cross-flow heat exchanger. A
numerical model is used to generate data when the heat exchanger is clean and …

Owing to the growing demands to develop sustainable energy, ocean energy is attracting
increasing attention for the large amount of renewable, available, and potential energy …

Biofilm formation is dependent on the surrounding environmental conditions and substratum
parameters. Once a biofilm forms many factors may influence cell survival and resistance …

Thermal energy recovery from drinking water has a high potential in the application of
sustainable building and industrial cooling. However, drinking water and biofilm microbial …

Marine biofilms formed due to adhesion of bacteria and other microorganisms on
submerged surfaces are generally considered to be a major form of microfouling …