Prevailing models of sex-chromosome evolution were largely inspired by the stable and
highly differentiated XY pairs of model organisms, such as those of mammals and flies …

Until recently, the field of sex chromosome evolution has been dominated by the canonical
unidirectional scenario, first developed by Muller in 1918. This model postulates that sex …

Sex chromosomes have evolved many times in animals and studying these replicate
evolutionary “experiments” can help broaden our understanding of the general forces …

Despite the prevalence of sexual reproduction across eukaryotes, there is a remarkable
diversity of sex‐determination mechanisms. The underlying causes of this diversity remain …

Triggers and biological processes controlling male or female gonadal differentiation vary in
vertebrates, with sex determination (SD) governed by environmental factors or simple to …

Several hypotheses explain the prevalence of undifferentiated sex chromosomes in
poikilothermic vertebrates. Turnovers change the master sex determination gene, the sex …

Sex chromosomes are a great example of a convergent evolution at the genomic level,
having evolved dozens of times just within amniotes. An intriguing question is whether this …

The Y and W chromosomes of mammals and birds are known to be small because most of
their genetic content degenerated and were lost due to absence of recombination with the X …

Differentiated sex chromosomes are believed to be evolutionarily stable, while poorly
differentiated sex chromosomes are considered to be prone to turnovers. With around 1700 …

In 2011, the first high-quality genome assembly of a squamate reptile (lizard or snake) was
published for the green anole. Dozens of genome assemblies were subsequently published …