Kelp forests along temperate and polar coastlines represent some of most diverse and
productive habitats on the Earth. Here, we synthesize information from> 60 years of research …

Water resources are vital not only for human beings but essentially all ecosystems. Human
health is at risk if clean drinking water becomes contaminated. Water is also essential for …

Abstract During 2014–2016, severe marine heatwaves in the northeast Pacific triggered well-
documented disturbances including mass mortalities, harmful algal blooms, and declines in …

The conservation and sustainable use of marine resources is a highlighted goal on a
growing number of national and international policy agendas. Unfortunately, efforts to …

This third edition of Reconstructing Quaternary Environments has been completely revised
and updated to provide a new account of the history and scale of environmental changes …

Present-day Mediterranean marine biodiversity is undergoing rapid alteration. Because of
the increased occurrence of warm-water biota, it has been said that the Mediterranean is …

The Northern Hemisphere has been warmer since 1980 than at any other time during the
last 2000years. The observed increase in temperature has been generally higher in …

Sugar kelp forests (Saccharina latissima) normally dominate the sublittoral rocky sea bed in
medium exposed to sheltered areas of the Norwegian coast. In 2002, a large-scale …

Marine conservation increasingly focuses on describing and maintaining ecosystem
functioning. However, it is difficult to find suitable measures for whole-ecosystem functioning …

A cause and effect understanding of thermal limitation and adaptation at various levels of
biological organization is crucial in the elaboration of how the Antarctic climate has shaped …