Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale membrane vesicles released by donor cells that
can be taken up by recipient cells. The study of EVs has the potential to identify unknown …

Newly endocytosed integral cell surface proteins are typically either directed for degradation
or subjected to recycling back to the plasma membrane. The sorting of integral cell surface …

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is essential for the type I interferon response against
a variety of DNA pathogens. Upon emergence of cytosolic DNA, STING translocates from the …

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is the major endocytic pathway in mammalian cells. It
is responsible for the uptake of transmembrane receptors and transporters, for remodeling …

Safety and efficacy constitute the major criteria governing regulatory approval of any new
drug. The best method to maximize safety and efficacy is to deliver a proven therapeutic …

Effective delivery of protein therapeutics to the central nervous system (CNS) has been
greatly restricted by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). We describe the development of a BBB …

Endomembrane damage elicits homeostatic responses including ESCRT-dependent
membrane repair and autophagic removal of damaged organelles. Previous studies have …

Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) can be used to resolve subcellular
structures and achieve a tenfold improvement in spatial resolution compared to that …

Realization of the immense potential of nanomaterials for biomedical applications will
require a thorough understanding of how they interact with cells, tissues, and organs. There …

Autophagy is a conserved intracellular pathway that delivers cytoplasmic contents to
lysosomes for degradation via double-membrane autophagosomes. Autophagy substrates …