The 1921 discovery of insulin was a Big Bang from which a vast and expanding universe of
research into insulin action and resistance has issued. In the intervening century, some …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by
chronic hyperglycemia and an inadequate response to circulatory insulin by peripheral …

Most human cells utilize glucose as the primary substrate, cellular uptake requiring insulin.
Insulin signaling is therefore critical for these tissues. However, decrease in insulin …

The impaired insulin secretion and increased insulin resistance (or decreased insulin
sensitivity) play a major role in the pathogenesis of all types of diabetes mellitus (DM). It is …

The peptide hormone glucagon, discovered in late 1922, is secreted from pancreatic alpha
cells and is an essential regulator of metabolic homeostasis. This review summarises …

Catechins are key functional components in tea and have many health benefits, including
relieving diabetes. Glucose is necessary for maintaining life. However, when the glucose in …

Hundred years after the discovery of glucagon, its biology remains enigmatic. Accurate
measurement of glucagon has been essential for uncovering its pathological hypersecretion …

Glucagon is secreted from the pancreatic alpha cells upon hypoglycemia and stimulates
hepatic glucose production. Type 2 diabetes is associated with dysregulated glucagon …

Both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) strongly associate
with increasing body mass index, and together these metabolic diseases affect millions of …

Findings from the past 10 years have placed the glucagon-secreting pancreatic α-cell centre
stage in the development of diabetes mellitus, a disease affecting almost one in every ten …