Diverse gram-negative bacteria deliver effector proteins into the cells of their eukaryotic
hosts using the type III secretion system. Collectively, these type III effector proteins function …

Pathogenicity of most Gram‐negative bacterial plant pathogens depends on hrp
(hypersensitive response and pathogenicity) genes, which control the ability to cause …

Mutations in the seven clustered rpf genes cause downregulated synthesis of extracellular
enzymes and reduced virulence of Xanthomonas campestris pathovar campestris (Xcc). The …

The gene-for-gene concept has historically been applied to describe a specific resistance
interaction wherein single genes from the host and the pathogen dictate the outcome. These …

The ablllty of P. syringae to elicit the hypersensitive response In nonhost plants or
pathogenesls In hosts is controlled by hrp genes. The P. syringae pv. syrlngae 61 hrpZ gene …

TonB-dependent receptors (TBDRs) are outer membrane proteins mainly known for the
active transport of iron siderophore complexes in Gram-negative bacteria. Analysis of the …

Xyloglucans are highly substituted and recalcitrant polysaccharides found in the primary cell
walls of vascular plants, acting as a barrier against pathogens. Here, we reveal that the …

Xanthan is an industrially important exopolysaccharide produced by the phytopathogenic,
gram-negative bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. It is composed of …

Plants prevent disease by passively and actively protecting potential entry routes against
invading microbes. For example, the plant immune system actively guards roots, wounds …

▪ Abstract hrp genes control the ability of phytopathogenic bacteria to cause disease and to
elicit hypersensitive reactions on resistant plants. Genetic and biochemical studies have …