Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) bacteria are insect pathogens that rely on insecticidal pore
forming proteins known as Cry and Cyt toxins to kill their insect larval hosts. At least four …

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry toxins constitute the active ingredient in the most widely used
biological insecticides and insect-resistant transgenic crops. A clear understanding of their …

The Colorado potato beetle is one of the most challenging agricultural pests to manage. It
has shown a spectacular ability to adapt to a variety of solanaceaeous plants and variable …

Parasporal crystals produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) bacteria are the main virulence
factors underlying Bt toxicity to insects. Parasporal crystals are composed primarily of Cry …

Since the first report by Ishiwata in 1902 of a Bombyx mori infection, followed by the
description by Berliner, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has become the main microorganism used …

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a unique bacterium in that it shares a common place with a
number of chemical compounds which are used commercially to control insects important to …

Bacillus thuringiensis is the most successful microbial insecticide agent and its proteins
have been studied for many years due to its toxicity against insects mainly belonging to the …

Transgenic crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis Cry toxins (Bt crops) have been planted
globally to control some key pests. Benefited from implementation of proactive resistance …

Transgenic crops that produce Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins for pest control are grown
extensively, but insect adaptation can reduce their effectiveness. Established mode of action …

Abstract Yellow mealworms (Tenebrio molitor; Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) are currently the
most farmed holometabolous insect species in the insects as food and feed industry, with …