In the last two decades evidence has gradually accumulated suggesting that the eye may be
a unique window for cardiovascular risk stratification based on the assessment of subclinical …

The vasculature of the eye and the heart share several common characteristics. The easily
accessible vessels of the eye are therefore—to some extent—a window to the heart. There is …

Hypertension has a range of effects on the eye. Hypertensive retinopathy refers to retinal
microvascular signs that develop in response to raised blood pressure. Signs of …

Quantitative studies of retinal vascular caliber using new computer-assisted retinal imaging
systems have allowed physicians and researchers to understand the influence of systemic …

The retinal vasculature allows direct noninvasive visualization of the body's
mircrovasculature. Because the retina and other end organs (brain and kidney) share similar …

The eye affords a unique opportunity to inspect a rich part of the human microvasculature
non-invasively via retinal imaging. Retinal blood vessel segmentation and classification are …

Objective: Microvascular dysfunction has been suggested to be a major pathogenic factor for
the development of hypertension. We examined the association between retinal vascular …

Generalized retinal arteriolar narrowing is an important sign of systemic hypertension, and a
lower arteriolar: venular diameter ratio predicts the risk of hypertension. We investigated …

Aims The retinal microvasculature may reflect pre-clinical changes in the cerebral and
coronary microcirculations. We assessed whether smaller retinal arterioles and larger …

Objective The present study examined the effects of blood pressure on a spectrum of
quantitative and qualitative retinal microvascular signs. Methods Retinal photographs from …