Restoration of degraded ecosystems is an important societal goal, yet inadequate
monitoring and the absence of clear performance metrics are common criticisms of many …

Continued anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions are acidifying our oceans, and
hydrogen ion concentrations in surface oceans are predicted to increase 150% by 2100 …

Shorelines at the interface of marine, estuarine and terrestrial biomes are among the most
degraded and threatened habitats in the coastal zone because of their sensitivity to sea …

Coastal ecosystems provide numerous services, such as nutrient cycling, climate change
amelioration, and habitat provision for commercially valuable organisms. Ecosystem …

Restoration ecology relies heavily on ecosystem development theories that generally
assume development of fully functioning natural systems over time, but often fail to identify …

Historic declines in oyster populations have resulted in diminished production of ecosystem
services and habitat function in many estuaries. Due to the important role of oysters in …

Global declines in oyster reefs have resulted in reduced habitat heterogeneity, extent and
quality for some coastal finfish, potentially reducing fish populations and catches. It is well …

Tidal marshes (including saltmarshes) provide remarkable value for many social (cultural,
recreational) and environmental (fish production, water quality, shoreline protection, carbon …

Effective environmental management needs models that reliably predict quantitative
ecological changes as a function of restoration effort (eg cost) and meet expectations of …

Seagrasses, oyster reefs, and salt marshes are critical coastal habitats that support high
densities of juvenile fish and invertebrates. Yet which species are enhanced through these …