Evolution is the hallmark of life. Descriptions of the evolution of microorganisms have
provided a wealth of information, but knowledge regarding “what happened” has precluded …

Cancers evolve by a reiterative process of clonal expansion, genetic diversification and
clonal selection within the adaptive landscapes of tissue ecosystems. The dynamics are …

Antibiotic resistance can evolve through the sequential accumulation of multiple mutations.
To study such gradual evolution, we developed a selection device, the'morbidostat', that …

Extensive genomic diversity within coexisting members of a microbial species has been
revealed through selected cultured isolates and metagenomic assemblies. Yet, the cell-by …

Intratumor heterogeneity represents a major obstacle to effective cancer treatment and
personalized medicine. However, investigators are now elucidating intratumor heterogeneity …

Bacterial populations vary in their stress tolerance and population structure depending upon
whether growth occurs in well-mixed or structured environments. We hypothesized that …

Evolution is an on-going process, and it can be studied experimentally in organisms with
rapid generations. My team has maintained 12 populations of Escherichia coli in a simple …

Intratumor heterogeneity is the main obstacle to effective cancer treatment and personalized
medicine. Both genetic and epigenetic sources of intratumor heterogeneity are well …

Background Next generation sequencing (NGS) is a massive, high-throughput sequencing
technology used to analyze various mutations and genetic changes in cancer. Oral …

Microbial communities are complex multi-species assemblages that are characterized by a
multitude of interspecies interactions, which can range from mutualism to competition. The …