Allee effects, strongly related to the extinction vulnerability of populations and gradually
becoming acknowledged by both theoretically oriented and applied ecologists, have already …

To describe a predator–prey relationship, it is necessary to specify the rate of prey
consumption by an average predator. This functional response largely determines dynamic …

Allee effects are (broadly) defined as a decline in individual fitness at low population size or
density. They can result in critical population thresholds below which populations crash to …

Food webs in nature have multiple, reticulate connections between a diversity of consumers
and resources. Such complexity affects web dynamics: it first spreads the direct effects of …

Grazing distribution patterns of large herbivores are affected by abiotic factors such as slope
and distance to water and by biotic factors such as forage quantity and quality. Abiotic …

This study quantifies the flow of energy and biomass from a productive marine system to a
relatively unproductive terrestrial system. Biomass from marine food webs (here, the Gulf of …

The forage maturation hypothesis (FMH) proposes that ungulate migration is driven by
selection for high forage quality. Because quality declines with plant maturation, but intake …

Cattle are one of our major domesticated animals, a higher mammal with complex mental
and physical needs. The benefit of a knowledge of cattle behaviour means veterinarians and …

Eight multiparous Holstein–Friesian dairy cows in late lactation were used to investigate the
potential of using perennial ryegrass with a high concentration of water‐soluble …

Summary 1 Equids are generalist herbivores that co‐exist with bovids of similar body size in
many ecosystems. There are two major hypotheses to explain their co‐existence, but few …