Trained immunity is a functional state of the innate immune response and is characterized
by long-term epigenetic reprogramming of innate immune cells. This concept originated in …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, has infected humans for
millennia. M. tuberculosis is well adapted to establish infection, persist in the face of the host …

Trained immunity enhances the responsiveness of immune cells to subsequent infections or
vaccinations. Here we demonstrate that pre-vaccination with bacteria-derived outer …

Periodontitis, a major inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa, is epidemiologically
associated with other chronic inflammation-driven disorders, including cardio-metabolic …

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the most formidable challenge to …

Bone marrow (BM)-mediated trained innate immunity (TII) is a state of heightened immune
responsiveness of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) and their myeloid …

Neutrophils play a Janus-faced role in the complex landscape of cancer pathogenesis and
immunotherapy. As immune defense cells, neutrophils release toxic substances, including …

Our body has a remarkable ability to remember its past encounters with allergens,
pathogens, wounds and irritants, and to react more quickly to the next experience. This …

Trained innate immunity, induced via modulation of mature myeloid cells or their bone
marrow progenitors, mediates sustained increased responsiveness to secondary …

The mechanisms underlying innate immune memory have been extensively explored in the
last decades but are in fact largely unknown. Although the specificity of adaptive immune …