Sialic acids are structurally unique nine-carbon keto sugars occupying the interface between
the host and commensal or pathogenic microorganisms. An important function of host sialic …

Chagas disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi remains an important neglected tropical
disease and a cause of significant morbidity and mortality. No longer confined to endemic …

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors and glycoinositolphospholipids (GIPLs) from
parasitic protozoa have been shown to exert a wide variety of effects on cells of the host …

In humans, Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPN) is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis, a
disease with high attributable mortality and frequent permanent neurological sequelae. The …

Trypanosoma cruzi, the aetiologic agent of Chagas disease, releases vesicles containing a
wide range of surface molecules known to affect the host immunological responses and the …

Many important pathogen-host interactions rely on highly specific carbohydrate binding
events. In the case of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas …

Studies performed in vitro suggest that activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) by parasite-
derived molecules may initiate inflammatory responses and host innate defense …

Abstract Purpose of Review Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease.
Decades after initial infection,~ 30% of individuals can develop chronic chagasic …

Host cell infection by the intracellular pathogen, Trypanosoma cruzi, involves activation of
signaling pathways, cytoskeletal reorganization, and targeted recruitment of host cell …

Trypanosoma cruzi actively invades mammalian cells by forming parasitophorous vacuoles
(PVs). After entry, the parasite has to escape from these vacuoles in order to replicate inside …