Recent evidence has demonstrated the unique properties of the innate immune system,
known as innate immune memory, immune priming, or trained immunity. These properties …

Although a wide range of viruses have been reported in marine molluscs, most of these
reports rely on ultrastructural examination and few of these viruses have been fully …

Disease emergence is accelerating with global changes. Understanding by which
mechanisms host populations can rapidly adapt will be crucial for management practices …

The study of molluscan immune systems, in particular those of bivalve molluscs (eg, clams,
oysters, scallops, mussels), has experienced great growth in recent decades, mainly due to …

A combined approach integrating bioenergetics and major biological activities is essential to
properly understand the impact of microplastics (MP) on marine organisms. Following …

Over the last decade, innate immune priming has been evidenced in many invertebrate
phyla. If mechanistic models have been proposed, molecular studies aiming to substantiate …

In the last decade, a paradigm shift has emerged in comparative immunology. Invertebrates
can no longer be considered to be devoid of specific recognition and immune memory …

The regulatory noncoding small RNAs (sRNAs) of bacteria are key elements influencing
gene expression; however, there has been little evidence that beneficial bacteria use these …

From the first detection in the Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) in 1972, herpes‐like
viruses/herpesviruses have been identified in at least 20 bivalve species and have caused …

Background Apoptosis is an important process for an organism's innate immune system to
respond to pathogens, while also allowing for cell differentiation and other essential life …