Long COVID represents the constellation of post-acute and long-term health effects caused
by SARS-CoV-2 infection; it is a complex, multisystem disorder that can affect nearly every …

In The Lancet, we have published the findings of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries,
and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 in a series of six Articles. 1–6 GBD began in 1991 and …

Background Detailed, comprehensive, and timely reporting on population health by
underlying causes of disability and premature death is crucial to understanding and …

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses an important global health challenge in
the 21st century. A previous study has quantified the global and regional burden of AMR for …

Background Future trends in disease burden and drivers of health are of great interest to
policy makers and the public at large. This information can be used for policy and long-term …

Background Understanding the health consequences associated with exposure to risk
factors is necessary to inform public health policy and practice. To systematically quantify the …

Background Common metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM),
hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic …

Background Migraine, a neurological disorder with a significant female predilection, is the
leading cause of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in women of childbearing age …

Summary Background Studies from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors
Study (GBD) 2021 can guide screening and prevention strategies for tracheal, bronchus …

Background Gastrointestinal cancers comprise nearly one-third of global mortality from
cancer, yet the comprehensive global burden of these cancers remains uninvestigated …