Understanding animal movement is essential to elucidate how animals interact, survive, and
thrive in a changing world. Recent technological advances in data collection and …

How bacterial chemotaxis is performed is much better understood than why. Traditionally,
chemotaxis has been understood as a foraging strategy by which bacteria enhance their …

Glioblastomas are incurable tumors infiltrating the brain. A subpopulation of glioblastoma
cells forms a functional and therapy-resistant tumor cell network interconnected by tumor …

This paper proposes a novel nature-inspired meta-heuristic optimizer, called Reptile Search
Algorithm (RSA), motivated by the hunting behaviour of Crocodiles. Two main steps of …

This paper presents a nature-inspired metaheuristic called Marine Predators Algorithm
(MPA) and its application in engineering. The main inspiration of MPA is the widespread …

Almost a century ago, Lévy (1925) first explored stable distributions in his study of sums of
random terms. The basic mathematical facts about stable laws were described in the …

The emergence of powerful artificial intelligence (AI) is defining new research directions in
neuroscience. To date, this research has focused largely on deep neural networks trained …

A celebrated and controversial hypothesis suggests that some biological systems—parts,
aspects, or groups of them—may extract important functional benefits from operating at the …

Random walks are ubiquitous in the sciences, and they are interesting from both theoretical
and practical perspectives. They are one of the most fundamental types of stochastic …

We offer a formal treatment of choice behavior based on the premise that agents minimize
the expected free energy of future outcomes. Crucially, the negative free energy or quality of …