The anti-cancer drug target poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) and its close
homologue, PARP2, are early responders to DNA damage in human cells,. After binding to …

Coot is a molecular-graphics application for model building and validation of biological
macromolecules. The program displays electron-density maps and atomic models and …

Conventional ubiquitination involves the ATP-dependent formation of amide bonds between
the ubiquitin C terminus and primary amines in substrate proteins. Recently, SdeA, an …

Phaser is a program for phasing macromolecular crystal structures by both molecular
replacement and experimental phasing methods. The novel phasing algorithms …

Macromolecular X-ray crystallography is routinely applied to understand biological
processes at a molecular level. However, significant time and effort are still required to solve …

The PHENIX AutoBuild wizard is a highly automated tool for iterative model building,
structure refinement and density modification using RESOLVE model building, RESOLVE …

Molecular replacement (MR) generally becomes more difficult as the number of components
in the asymmetric unit requiring separate MR models (ie the dimensionality of the search) …

Sensory proteins must relay structural signals from the sensory site over large distances to
regulatory output domains. Phytochromes are a major family of red-light-sensing kinases …

X-ray crystallography is an established method for studying the structure of proteins and
other macromolecules. As the importance of proteins grows, researchers in many fields have …

Nanobodies, single-domain antigen-binding fragments of camelid-specific heavy-chain only
antibodies offer special advantages in therapy over classic antibody fragments because of …