Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are abundant in tumor tissues, raising a question of whether
immunosuppressive tumor-infiltrating Tregs (TI-Tregs) can be selectively depleted or …

Abstract Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICBs), in addition to targeting CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-
L1, novel targeting LAG-3 drugs have also been approved in clinical application. With the …

Metabolic alterations are a key hallmark of cancer cells, and the augmented synthesis and
use of nucleotide triphosphates is a critical and universal metabolic dependency of cancer …

Natural killer (NK) cells comprise a unique population of innate lymphoid cells endowed with
intrinsic abilities to identify and eliminate virally infected cells and tumour cells. Possessing …

Cancer development is closely associated with immunosuppressive tumor
microenvironment (TME) that attenuates antitumor immune responses and promotes tumor …

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogenic population of immature
myeloid cells with immunosuppressive effects, which undergo massive expansion during …

Breast cancer, the most common type of cancer affecting women, encompasses a collection
of histologic (mainly ductal and lobular) and molecular subtypes exhibiting diverse clinical …

Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal solid tumours
despite the use of multi-agent conventional chemotherapy regimens. Such poor outcomes …

Through the successes of checkpoint blockade and adoptive cellular therapy,
immunotherapy has become an established treatment modality for cancer. Cellular …

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 10-15% of all breast cancer cases.
TNBCs lack estrogen and progesterone receptors and express low levels of HER2, and …