Plants, animals and humans, are colonized by microorganisms (microbiota) and transiently
exposed to countless others. The microbiota affects the development and function of …

Nocturnal temperatures are increasing at a pace exceeding diurnal temperatures in most
parts of the world. The role of warmer nocturnal temperatures in animal ecology has …

Background Adaptive shifts in gut microbiome composition are one route by which animals
adapt to seasonal changes in food availability and diet. However, outside of dietary shifts …

Holobionts, consisting of a host and diverse microbial symbionts, function as distinct
biological entities anatomically, metabolically, immunologically, and developmentally …

Population genomic data has revealed patterns of genetic variation associated with
adaptation in many taxa. Yet understanding the adaptive process that drives such patterns is …

The gut microbiota impacts many aspects of its host's biology, and is increasingly
considered as a key factor mediating performance of host individuals in continuously …

Lepidopterans commonly feed on plant material, being the most significant insect herbivores
in nature. Despite plant resistance to herbivory, such as producing toxic secondary …

Global warming is one of the most common environmental challenges faced by cold-water
fish farming. Heat stress seriously affects the feeding, growth, immunity, and disease …

Microbes perform a variety of vital functions that are essential for healthy ecosystems,
ranging from nutrient recycling, antibiotic production and waste decomposition. In many …

Western diets, with high consumption of simple sugars and saturated fats, contribute to the
rise in the prevalence of obesity. It now seems clear that high‐fat diets cause obesity, at least …