Pyroptosis is an inflammatory form of cell death triggered by certain inflammasomes, leading
to the cleavage of gasdermin D (GSDMD) and activation of inactive cytokines like IL-18 and …

As an essential component of innate immunity, macrophages have multiple functions in both
inhibiting or promoting cell proliferation and tissue repair. Diversity and plasticity are …

Intracellular lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria including Escherichia coli,
Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella flexneri, and Burkholderia thailandensis activates mouse …

Caspases are a family of endoproteases that provide critical links in cell regulatory networks
controlling inflammation and cell death. The activation of these enzymes is tightly controlled …

Inflammasomes are molecular platforms activated upon cellular infection or stress that
trigger the maturation of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β to engage innate …

Abstract Development of the acute and chronic inflammatory responses known as gout and
pseudogout are associated with the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) or calcium …

The mammalian NLR gene family was first reported over 20 years ago, although several
genes that were later grouped into the family were already known at that time. Although it is …

Interleukin (IL)-18 was originally discovered as a factor that enhanced IFN-γ production from
anti-CD3-stimulated Th1 cells, especially in the presence of IL-12. Upon stimulation with Ag …

The nucleotide-binding, oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing
3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that combines sensing, regulation, and …

The innate immune system relies on its capacity to rapidly detect invading pathogenic
microbes as foreign and to eliminate them. The discovery of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) …