Over several millennia, various native plant species in South America have been used for
their healing and psychoactive properties. Chemical analysis of archaeological artifacts …

The ability to respond rapidly to changes in oxygen tension is critical for many forms of life.
Challenges to oxygen homeostasis, specifically in the contexts of evolutionary biology and …

The use of fire constitutes an essential cultural adaptation to cold, and archaeological
evidence for fire can be expected in high-latitude and high-elevation regions successfully …

There are many unanswered questions about the population history of the Central and
South Central Andes, particularly regarding the impact of large-scale societies, such as the …

Understanding how human societies interacted with environmental changes is a major goal
of archaeology and other socio-natural sciences. In this paper, we assess the human …

Soil sustainability is reflected in a long-term balance between soil production and erosion for
a given climate and geology. Here we evaluate soil sustainability in the Andean Altiplano …

Some of the earliest archaeological materials radiocarbon-dated were from the Central
Andes, and archaeologists from the region were also involved in early efforts at meta …

The Andean highlands challenged but did not prevent human exploration and occupation
starting in the Late Pleistocene. The timing and nature of these events is an ongoing area of …

Current scientific evidence shows that humans colonized South America at least 15,000
years ago, but there are still many unknown aspects of this process, including the major and …

This paper analyses the importance of the South Central Andean High Puna megapatch,
above 4000 masl, in the history of late Pleistocene exploration and colonization of the …