The random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RICLPM) decomposes longitudinal
associations between two processes X and Y into stable between-person associations and …

Adolescence is a formative life phase for the development of personality characteristics.
Although past findings suggest Big Five traits alongside self-esteem as indicators for …

Theoretical work has suggested close associations between morphological awareness (MA)
and reading skills in Chinese; however, the nature and direction of these time‐ordered links …

Continuous-time modeling has become a cornerstone in psychological research for
analyzing longitudinal data, traditionally focusing on time-stable dynamics. However, the …

Abstract This paper introduces Dynamic Intellectual Investment Trait and State Theory, an
extension of Intellectual Investment Trait Theory. Our theory extension (a) centers on …

Abstract This paper introduces Dynamic Intellectual Investment Trait and State Theory,
which (a) centers on dynamic within-person reciprocal relationships between cognitive …

Many of the advancements reconciling individual-and group-level results have occurred in
the context of a discrete-time modeling framework. Discrete-time models are intuitive and …

Researchers working with intensive longitudinal designs often encounter the challenge of
determining whether to relax the assumption of stationarity in their models. Given that these …