The native chemical ligation reaction (NCL) involves reacting a C-terminal peptide thioester
with an N-terminal cysteinyl peptide to produce a native peptide bond between the two …

The central dogma of modern biology underscores the pivotal roles proteins play in diverse
biological processes, the study of which necessitates advanced methods to produce …

Natural DNA is exquisitely evolved to store genetic information. The chirally inverted l-DNA,
possessing the same informational capacity but resistant to biodegradation, may serve as a …

To synthesize a chirally inverted ribosome with the goal of building mirror-image biology
systems requires the preparation of kilobase-long mirror-image ribosomal RNAs that make …

Quasi-racemic crystallography has been used to determine the X-ray structures of K27-
linked ubiquitin (Ub) chains prepared through total chemical synthesis. Crystal structures of …

Total chemical protein synthesis provides access to entire D‐protein enantiomers enabling
unique applications in molecular biology, structural biology, and bioactive compound …

The development of mirror-image biology systems and related applications is hindered by
the lack of effective methods to sequence mirror-image (D-) proteins. Although natural …

Biodegradation of plastics through the use of enzymes provides an attractive,
environmentally friendly solution to dispose of and recycle plastic wastes. Although many …

Tryptophan is frequently found on the surface of membrane-associated proteins that interact
with the lipid membrane. However, because of their multifaceted interactions, it is difficult to …

Native chemical ligation combined with desulfurization has become a powerful strategy for
the chemical synthesis of proteins. Here we describe the use of a new thiol additive, methyl …