In this review, we address the role of stress as one of the principal causes for a cell or tissue
to change its pre-existing somatic program, reprogramming itself to express the …

Despite major advances in forest biotechnology, clonal regeneration by somatic
embryogenesis or organogenesis is still difficult for many woody species and is often limited …

Hardwood species are valuable biological resources that have an important role in the
economy and ecology of ecosystems worldwide. Non-zygotic or somatic embryogenesis …

Somatic embryogenesis, the in vitro developmental program by which somatic cells are
reprogrammed to undergo cellular and molecular changes that make them competent to …

Molecular mechanisms controlling plant totipotency are largely unknown and studies on
somatic embryogenesis (SE), the process through which already differentiated cells reverse …

Embryogenic tissue culture systems are utilized in propagation and genetic engineering of
crop plants, but applications are limited by genotype-dependent culture response. To date …

The effects of auxins 2, 4-D (2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), NAA (1-naphthaleneacetic
acid) or picloram (4-amino-3, 5, 6-trichloropicolinic acid; 9 µM) and cytokinin BA …

Somatic embryogenesis is a powerful biotechnological tool for the mass production of
economically important cultivars. Due to the cellular totipotency of plants, somatic cells …

Cellular totipotency is one of the basic principles of plant biotechnology. Currently, the
success of the procedure used to produce transgenic plants is directly proportional to the …

Abstract In 1902 Gottlieb Haberlandt proposed the idea to culture individual plant cells on
artificial nutrient medium. Although he failed to culture them due to poor choice of …