One of the lasting controversies in phylogenetic inference is the degree to which specific
evolutionary models should influence the choice of methods. Model‐based approaches to …

Background In contrast to most animals, plants have an indeterminate body plan, which
allows them to add new body parts during their lifetime. A plant's realized modular …

Biological data is multivariate in essence: many traits in organisms covary with each other in
space and time. This causes biologists to either reduce these to a manageable number of …

Since their origin in the Late Triassic, crocodylomorphs have had a long history of
evolutionary change. Numerous studies examined their phylogeny, but none have …

Through the lens of the fossil record, angiosperm diversification precipitated a Cretaceous
Terrestrial Revolution (KTR) in which pollinators, herbivores and predators underwent …

Although simulations have shown that implied weighting (IW) outperforms equal weighting
(EW) in phylogenetic parsimony analyses, weighting against homoplasy lacks extensive …

The current literature on marsupial phylogenetics includes numerous studies based on
analyses of morphological data with limited sampling of Recent and fossil taxa, and many …

Amniotes include mammals, reptiles and birds, representing 75% of extant vertebrate
species on land. They originated around 318 million years ago in the early Late …

Systematic relationships of cervids have been controversial for decades. Despite new input
from molecular systematics, consensus could only be partially reached. The initial, gross …

Phylogenetic analysis aims to establish the true relationships between taxa. Different
analytical methods, however, can reach different conclusions. In order to establish which …