The apoplast is one of the first cellular compartments outside the plasma membrane that
phytopathogenic microbes encounter in the early stages of plant tissue invasion. Plants …

Plants associate with diverse microbes that exert beneficial, neutral, or pathogenic effects
inside the host. During the initial stages of invasion, the plant apoplast constitutes a …

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes bacterial blight (BB), a globally devastating
disease of rice (Oryza sativa) that is responsible for significant crop loss. Sugars and sugar …

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is an inducible immune response that depends on
ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY1 (EDS1). Here, we show that Arabidopsis …

Rhizoctonia solani is a devastating soil-borne pathogen that seriously threatens the
cultivation of economically important crops. Multiple strains with a very broad host range …

Necrotrophic fungal pathogens of the genus Alternaria are globally recognized as one of the
most destructive plant pathogens in most of the industrially and agriculturally important crops …

Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), a non-culturable phloem-limited bacterium, is the
suspected causal agent of huanglongbing (HLB) in Florida. HLB is one of the most …

Proteases are ubiquitous in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Plant proteases are key regulators
of various physiological processes, including protein homeostasis, organelle development …

Fusarium wilt disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, especially by tropical
race 4 (Foc TR4), is threatening the global banana industry. Musa acuminata Pahang, a wild …

Plant aspartic proteases (APs; EC 3.4. 23) are a group of proteolytic enzymes widely
distributed among different species characterized by the conserved sequence Asp-Gly-Thr …