Highlights•Businesses require different forms of finance as they grow, including grants, debt
and equity.•Public finance stimulates the green finance escalator for early stage low carbon …

We synthesise the empirical literature on the determinants and consequences of financial
distress, critique the findings and offer suggestions for future research. We categorise these …

Entrepreneurship contributes importantly to the economy. However, differences in the quality
and quantity of entrepreneurship vary significantly across develo** and developed …

We examine the role of institutional investors in initial coin offerings (ICOs). Taking a
financial investor's perspective, we assess the determinants of post-ICO performance via …

Drawing on signaling theory, this study provides preliminary evidence that prior financing
certifies firm quality to investors and reduces information asymmetries in equity …

This paper explores whether and how governmental venture capital investors (GVCs) spur
invention and innovation in young biotech companies in Europe. To gauge invention we …

Governments around the world have set up governmental venture capital (GVC) funds, and
are increasingly doing so, with the aims of fostering the development of a private venture …

Abstract Using a new European Union-sponsored firm-level longitudinal dataset, we assess
the impact of government-managed (GVC) and independent venture capital (IVC) funds on …

For entrepreneurial firms (EFs), internationalization and innovation present two major
avenues for growth. Prior research, based primarily on EFs from advanced economies …

There has been a significant transformation in the diffusion of information and
communication technology (ICT), development of the venture capital industry, and economic …