Climate change in the past has led to significant changes in species' distributions. However,
how individual species respond to climate change depends largely on their adaptations and …

Apart from the current human-induced climate change, the Holocene is notable for its stable
climate. In contrast, the preceding age, the Pleistocene, was a time of intensive climatic …

We provide the first comparative multispecies analysis of spatial genetic structure and
diversity in the circumpolar Arctic using a common strategy for sampling and genetic …

The arrival of modern humans into previously unoccupied island ecosystems is closely
linked to widespread extinction, and a key reason cited for Pleistocene megafauna …

Historical climate is known to influence contemporary patterns of biological diversity.
Species distribution modeling methods, combined with paleoclimatic surfaces, have been …

A skull of Hippopotamus recovered from the area of Tor di Quinto, within the urban area of
Rome (central Italy) is here redescribed. Despite being one of the most complete specimens …

Here, we describe a partial cranium of a large canid dated at 406.5±2.4 ka from the Middle
Pleistocene of Ponte Galeria (Rome, Italy). The sample represents one of the few Middle …

Nature's complexity is intriguing, but the circumstances determining whether or how order
emerges from such complexity remains a matter of extensive research. Using the …

Background The current distribution of genetic diversity is the result of a vast array of
microevolutionary processes, including short-term demographic and ecological mechanisms …

With a range that covered most of northern Eurasia and parts of North America, the cave lion
(Panthera spelaea) was one of the most widespread carnivores of the Late Pleistocene …